The NetWare NFS Server and USL UNIX ----------------------------------- This document describes how to access a NetWare NFS Server from a UNIX host running USL System V Release 4.2. It contains detailed information about the specific UNIX administration tasks you must perform from your USL UNIX host to use the following NetWare NFS services: * NFS server * NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway * UNIX-to-NetWare Print Gateway Identifying the NetWare Server ------------------------------ Before you can access any of the NFS services on the NetWare server, you must enter the hostname and IP address of your NetWare server into the /etc/hosts file on your UNIX system. This is done by adding the following line of text to the /etc/hosts file: IP_address Hostname Replace IP_address and Hostname with the Internet address and hostname of your NetWare NFS server. You must also enter the IP address and hostname of the USL machine in the SYS:ETC\HOSTS file on your NetWare server. When entering the name of the USL system in the host table, use the principal name for the UNIX host (do not use an alias). The NFS Server -------------- To access the NetWare NFS server, the UNIX system administrator must be able to perform the following tasks: * Mount an exported NetWare NFS directory. * Unmount a mounted file system. * Configure the system to automount an NFS file system. Mounting an Exported NetWare NFS Directory ------------------------------------------ To mount a Network File System, you must log in to the system using the root or superuser account. Before you mount the file system, you must create a directory to serve as a mount point for the file system. The file system is then mounted using the following command: mount -F nfs -o options NFS_server:Exported_directory Mount_point Available options include the following: ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |Option Description | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |retry=n Number of times to retry the mount operation. | |timeo=n Set the NFS timeout to n tenths of a second. | |retrans=n Number of NFS retransmissions. | |rw|ro Read/write or read-only. | |soft|hard Return an error if the server does not respond, or| | continue the retry request until the server responds. | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Replace each of the following variables as indicated: NFS_server with the name of the NetWare NFS server Exported_directory with the name of the NetWare directory expressed using UNIX conventions Mount_point with the full pathname to the mount point. Example: Suppose you want to mount the NetWare USER:STUDENTS directory on the NetWare server NFSSERV using /home/students as a mount point. First, create the /home/students directory with the following command: mkdir /home/students Then mount the file system with the following command: mount -F nfs -o soft,retry=4 nfsserv:/user/students /home/students Verifying Mounted File Systems ------------------------------ You can verify which NFS file systems are currently mounted on your server by displaying the contents of the /etc/mnttab mount table, or by entering the following command: mount Unmounting a Mounted File System -------------------------------- Use the following command to unmount an NFS file system: umount Mount_point Replace Mount_point with the full pathname to the mount point of the file system. Configuring the System to Automount a Network File System --------------------------------------------------------- The /etc/vfsstab file contains entries for all file systems that are mounted during the system startup. If you want the file system to mount at boot time, you can do the following: * Mount the file system manually and then * Enter the following command to write all of the currently mounted file systems to the /etc/vfstab file: mount -p > /etc/vfstab The UNIX-to-NetWare Print Gateway --------------------------------- Before configuring a printer on your UNIX host, make sure the name and IP address of the NetWare NFS server are in the /etc/hosts file on the UNIX host. Procedure --------- To configure printing, complete the following steps: * Log in to the UNIX host as the root user. * Register the remote NetWare NFS server with the LP print service and define the way the two servers will communicate. You should configure the LP service to print to a BSD-type printer on the NetWare server with the retry count set to 5 and the timeout set to 10 seconds: lpsystem -t bsd -R 5 -T 10 NetWare_server Replace NetWare_server with the name of the remote NetWare server. * Create a UNIX queue that points to the NetWare server by entering the following command: lpadmin -p Printer -s NetWare_server:Printer -I simple,postscript,troff For example, to create a UNIX printer called psprint to point to the queue called psprint on the NetWare NFS server called nfsserv, enter the following command: lpadmin -p psprint -s nfsserv:psprint -I simple,postscript,troff The -I parameter allows PostScript, simple, and troff file formats. --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: The UNIX printer and the NetWare queue should have the same name. --------------------------------------------------------------------- * Enable queuing by typing: enable Printer * Accept print requests by typing: accept Printer * Stop and start the LP scheduler. /usr/sbin/lpshut (Stop the scheduler.) /usr/lib/lp/lpsched (Start the scheduler.) * Test the printer with the following command: lp -d Printer filename * Examine the queue on the NetWare server typing the following command: lpstat Printer Troubleshooting --------------- If you have any trouble printing, examine the following LP log files for clues: /var/lp/logs/lpNet /var/lp/logs/lpsched If it takes several minutes before a job submitted from the UNIX host appears in the NetWare Print Queue, you can try any of the following: * Restart the print service by entering the following commands while logged in to the system as the root user: /usr/sbin/lpshut /usr/lib/lp/lpsched * Send a print job to the UNIX host from the NetWare server using the NetWare-to-UNIX print server. * Set up TCP/IP as the preferred network by editing the /etc/netconfig file to place the TCP/IP entries at the beginning of the file. Reboot the UNIX system after you edit the /etc/netconfig file. The NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway --------------------------------- Before configuring the NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway, you should verify that the port monitor is running by entering the following command: pmadm -l -p tcp -s If the port monitor is ready to accept printer service requests over your network, you should get output similar to the following: PMTAG PMTYPE SVCTAG FLGS ID SCHEME tcp listen lpd - root - \x00020203 0000000000000000 - p - /var/spool/lp/fifos/listenBSD # tcp listen 0 - root - \x00020ACE8239 0373000000000000 0000 - c - /usr/lib/saf/nlps_server # Verify that entries exist for SVCTAG entries 0 and lpd. Procedure --------- To configure NetWare-to-UNIX printing, configure the UNIX system as follows: * Enter the name and IP address of the NetWare NFS server in the /etc/hosts file on the UNIX system. * Register the remote NetWare NFS server with the LP print service and define the way the systems will communicate. The LP print service should be configured to accept BSD-type print requests from the NetWare server with the retry count set to 5 and the timeout period set to 10 seconds: lpsystem -t bsd -R 5 -T 10 NetWare_server Replace NetWare_server with the name of the remote NetWare NFS server. * Define the printer. Use the lpadmin command to define the printer. Example: Enter the following command to define an IBM ProPrinter II at the parallel port: lpadmin -p ibm -v /dev/lp0 -T ibmproprinter For classroom purposes it is often desirable to direct all print jobs to your console screen. You can define a console screen to act as a printer by entering the following command: lpadmin -p screen -v device_name Replace device_name with the name of your terminal (you can determine the name of your terminal by entering the tty command). Configure the NetWare NFS Print Gateway as follows: * Use NFSADMIN to configure a NetWare print queue to point to the printer you defined on the UNIX system. You should give the NetWare print queue the same name as the UNIX printer. * Stop the UNIX-to-NetWare Print Server by entering the following console commands: UNLOAD LPR_GWY UNLOAD LPR_PSRV * Restart the UNIX-to-NetWare Print Server by entering the following console commands: LOAD LPR_PSRV LOAD LPR_GWY Troubleshooting --------------- If the UNIX system accepts but does not print jobs from the NetWare print gateway, resubmit the jobs using the following PCONSOLE settings: * File contents. Use Text instead of the default setting of Byte Stream. * Print Banner. Should be set to Yes. Use the PRINTCON utility to create a default configuration using these settings for the UNIX printer. If you have any trouble printing, examine the following LP log files for clues: /var/lp/logs/lpNet /var/lp/logs/lpsched USL Printing Commands --------------------- The following table summarizes the printing-related commands available on System V Release 4 machines: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Command Description ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- lp Print a file lpstat Determine status of printer or print job cancel Cancel a print job lpmove Move print jobs to a different destination lpadmin Create or modify a printer configuration, mount a form enable Activate a printer disable Deactivate a printer accept Permit job requests to be queued to a printer reject Prevent jabs from being queued to a destination /usr/lib/lp/lpsched Start the LP scheduler lpshut Stop the LP scheduler lpsystem Register a remote system with the local LP print service lpfilter Create or modify a filter definition lpforms Create or modify a form -----------------------------------------------------------------------------